Maintenance of CNC lathes is crucial for ensuring long-term stable operation, maintaining machining accuracy, and extending service life. Scientific maintenance not only reduces unexpected malfunctions but also effectively improves production efficiency and product quality.
Core Maintenance Contents (Classified by Frequency)
1. Daily Maintenance
Pre-start Check:
Check the power indicator light and air pressure gauge reading (usually 0.5–0.7 MPa) to ensure the chuck clamping and tool changing actions are normal.
Check the lubricating oil level in the tank. After starting, observe whether the lubrication pump is supplying oil normally to prevent dry friction on the guide rails and leadscrew.
Check the coolant level and cleanliness, and replenish or replace it promptly to avoid clogging the pipes.
Post-shutdown Maintenance:
Clean the guide rails, worktable, turret, and spindle end face, removing metal shavings and oil stains to prevent scratching the guide rails.
Check the tool fastening, clean the chuck jaws, and return commonly used tools to their positions.
Turn off the main power and air supply, and tidy the work area.
2. Weekly Maintenance: Clean the machine tool exterior and areas prone to metal shavings buildup.
Check the spindle lubrication system for proper operation and ensure there are no abnormal noises.
3. Monthly Inspection: Check the mains voltage (180–220V, 50Hz) and adjust as needed.
Disassemble and clean the air dryer to prevent moisture from entering the pneumatic system.
4. Quarterly Maintenance: Check the machine bed level and geometric accuracy to ensure it meets the manual requirements.
Check the oil quality of the hydraulic and spindle lubrication systems and replace the oil if necessary.
5. Semi-annual to Annual Maintenance: Change the hydraulic oil and clean the cylinders and valves.
Check the wear of the DC servo motor brushes; replace those that are excessively worn.
Clean the lubrication system thoroughly, replace the oil filter, and check the oil pump's operation.