CNC lathe lubricating oils are mainly divided into five categories: hydraulic oil, guideway oil, spindle oil, gear oil, and cutting oil. Different parts require corresponding oils to ensure efficient and stable operation of the equipment.
Core Lubricating Oil Types and Applications
Anti-wear Hydraulic Oil: Used in the hydraulic transmission system of machine tools to ensure the normal operation of cylinders, valves, etc. National standard No. 46 anti-wear hydraulic oil is commonly used, possessing excellent anti-wear, anti-rust, and anti-oxidation properties. Some machine models use a combined hydraulic and lubrication system, requiring consideration of multiple requirements.
Guideway Oil (or Hydraulic Guideway Oil): Specifically used for guideway lubrication, reducing frictional resistance and preventing "creeping." High viscosity, anti-wear guideway oils are recommended, such as Great Wall L-HG32# or Mobil Vectra series. Some products combine hydraulic and guideway lubrication functions (L-HG type), suitable for combined systems.
Spindle Oil / Spindle Bearing Oil: Used for lubricating spindle bearings, requiring high cleanliness, good oxidation resistance, and suitable viscosity. Classified by kinematic viscosity at 40℃ into several grades such as 10, 15, 22, and 32 (e.g., SH/T0017 standard). High-speed spindles often use low-viscosity oils.
Gear Oil: Used for gearbox lubrication. Viscosity grade is selected based on load and temperature to ensure effective oil film formation between gears, reducing wear, and also possessing anti-foaming and anti-emulsification properties.
Cutting Oil (or Cutting Fluid): Used for cooling and lubricating the tool and workpiece during machining. Not for machine tool structural lubrication, but essential for CNC machining. Usually diluted with water to form an emulsion, providing lubrication, cooling, cleaning, and rust prevention functions.